Large CO2 reduction and enhanced thermal performance of agro-forestry, construction and demolition waste based fly ash bricks for sustainable construction.

The exhaust gases in production of burnt clay bricks is responsible for greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission which increase the carbon footprint in the ecosystem. Here, we report carbon emission and thermal performance based evaluation of 8 ft. × 9 ft. × 8 ft. building. The bricks used in building construction are manufactured from fly ash, agro-forestry wastes, construction & demolition wastes (C&D), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) using NaOH as activator in order to provide compressive strength in the range of 3-6 MPa with ambient curing at 30 °C for 28 days. Life cycle analysis (LCA) reveals the total CO2 emission for fly ash and burnt clay bricks estimated to be 43.28 gCO2 and 290 gCO2 per brick, respectively. Considering the current scenario, by replacing 1-2% of brunt clay bricks with agro-forestry waste, C&D waste based fly ash bricks can potentially reduce 0.5-1.5 million tons of CO2 emission annually. The embodied energy calculation shows fly ash based bricks consumes 10-15 times less energy as compared to burnt clay bricks. Thermal paremeters viz., U-value (0.5-1.2 W/m2K), thermal conductivity (0.4-0.5 W/mK) show adequate insulation of agro-forestry waste based fly ash bricks highlighting its importance of thermal comfort, CO2 reduction along with sustainable and eco-friendly construction practices.

Ferroelectric Negative-Capacitance-Assisted Phase-Transition Field-Effect Transistor.

An enormous study is being carried out in the field of emerging steep slope devices, specifically on negative-capacitance-based and phase transition-based devices. This article investigates the action of ferroelectric (FE) and phase transition material (PTM) on a hybrid device, negative-capacitance-assisted phase transition FinFET (NC-PT-FinFET). We encounter several unique phenomena resulting from this unified action and provide valid arguments based on these observations. A significant enhancement in the differential gain and transconductance, a unique variation in the effect of PTM on drain-channel coupling, tunability of hysteresis across PTM by FE thickness( [Formula: see text]), and ultralow subthreshold slope (SS) by lowering both of its factors are some of the major outcomes of the NC-PT-FinFET. Focus is built on comprehending the individual role of FE and PTM in the intriguing features observed in every device performance parameter with the help of mathematical expressions and physical interpretations. Various tunable parameters present in this hybrid device widen its applicability in digital and memory applications.

Analysis of COVID Deaths: A single Centre Experience in Mumbai Medical College.

Objectives To calculate the mortality rate of COVID 19 at our centre. To study age and sex distribution of COVID 19 deaths. To study the duration of hospital stay with mortality. To study the comorbidities associated with mortality. METHODS: This is a retrospective analytical study of COVID 19 deaths which have occurred from April 2020 to January 2021. Death records of patients who were Confirmed positive cases of COVID 19 infection by Antigen positivity or RT PCR (polymerase chain reaction) or CBNAAT were analysed based on the total number of admissions, total deaths, age and gender distribution; duration of hospital stay, co-morbidities. RESULTS: There were 763 deaths in our study. Total admissions were 5762. Mortality rate was 13.2%. Out of these 481 were males and 282 females. The mean age of death was in the group of 60-70 years with a median age of 64.8 years. 221 patients had ≥ 3 comorbidities, 162 had ≥ 2 comorbidities. 172 had single comorbidities and 208 no comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS: COVID 19 affects people of all age groups and gender. It neither spares people with comorbidities nor those without any comorbidities. There is no specific therapy for its treatment. Hence Vaccination, and use of masks, social distancing and sanitization are the policies which will help in the long run.

Bilateral breast in brothers - abreast.

Gynecomastia is a common occurrence in pubertal age group, and is physiological in up to 65 percent of cases. When occurs in the family it should be investigated in order not to miss on a treatable etiology. Two brothers within the same family, presenting with bilateral gynecomastia of different causes and requiring different treatment are presented.

Pancreatic ascites in the setting of portal hypertension.

Pancreatic ascites is a rare cause of ascites and develops largely as a complication of chronic pancreatitis or sometimes due to duct injury during surgical procedures. The entity may mimic spontaneous bacterial peritonitis or ascites due to portal hypertension. Here, the authors discuss a case of pancreatic ascites developing in the setting of alcoholic liver disease with portal hypertension. The patient had features of chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic duct fistula and was managed with stenting of the pancreatic duct.

Intractable seizures and metabolic bone disease secondary to celiac disease.

Celiac disease (CD) is Gluten sensitive enteropathy with a wide spectrum of severity and protean clinical manifestations. Patients with atypical (non-diarrhoeal) presentations are missed as the diagnosis of Celiac Disease is not considered. We present three young girls (ages 18, 19, 23 at presentation) who were admitted to our hospital as intractable seizures. All had low serum calcium, features of rickets/osteomalacia and anaemia. This prompted us to consider malabsorption due to CD. The diagnosis of CD was confirmed by serologic tests (IgA transglutaminase and IgG antigliadin antibodies) and biopsy of the duodenum. In all patients gluten free diet not only provided drug free control of seizures but also helped correct other features of malabsorption like hypocalcaemia and anaemia as the primary pathology behind these symptoms was corrected. We wish to highlight that hypocalcaemia of CD which may present as intractable seizures can be treated only by treating CD with gluten free diet and not by oral vitamin D and Calcium alone.